What is Groupthink? Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon where a group of individuals, motivated by the desirefor unanimity and the avoidance of conflict, make irrational or poor decisions. This occurs whengroup members value consensus over critical thinking, leading to a lack of diverse perspectivesand alternative solutions. History of Groupthink The concept of Groupthink was first […]
Cognitive Biases: Courtesy Bias
What is the Courtesy Bias? The Courtesy Bias, also known as the Politeness Bias or the Tactfulness Effect, refers to thetendency for people to avoid giving accurate but unpleasant feedback in order to be polite,friendly, and courteous. This phenomenon occurs when individuals prioritize social harmony andavoiding hurt feelings over providing honest information. How does the […]
Cognitive Biases: The Bandwagon Effect
The Bandwagon Effect! A fascinating psychological phenomenon that explains why people tend tofollow the crowd and join in on a popular trend, idea, or movement. Here’s a detailedexplanation of this effect: What is the Bandwagon Effect? The Bandwagon Effect, also known as social proof or herd behavior, is a cognitive bias thatoccurs when individuals are […]
Cognitive Biases: Availability Cascade
The Availability Cascade is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency for people to overestimate the importance orlikelihood of information based on how easily examples come to mind. This bias was first identified by psychologists Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman in 1973. What is the Availability Cascade? The Availability Cascade occurs when we evaluate […]
Cognitive Biases: Ultimate Attribution Error
The Ultimate Attribution Error (UAE) is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency for people to attribute others’ behavior to their character or personality, while ignoring situational factors that may have influenced their actions. This bias was first identified by psychologist Lee Ross in 1977. What is the Ultimate Attribution Error? The UAE occurs […]
Cognitive Biases: Self Serving Bias
The Self-Serving Bias is a cognitive phenomenon that refers to the tendency for people to attribute their successes tointernal, personal factors (e.g., ability, effort) while blaming external circumstances or chance events for their failures.This bias was first identified by psychologists as a form of motivated reasoning. What is the Self-Serving Bias? The Self-Serving Bias occurs […]
Cognitive Biases: Puritanical Bias
The Puritanical Bias is a cognitive phenomenon that refers to the tendency for people to judge others’ behavior based on moralistic or puritanical standards, rather than objective criteria. This bias was first identified by psychologists as a form of social desirability bias. What is the Puritanical Bias? The Puritanical Bias occurs when we evaluate an […]
Cognitive Biases: Moral Luck Bias
The Moral Luck Bias is a cognitive phenomenon that refers to the tendency for people to judge individuals’ character based on outcomes, rather than their intentions or actions. This bias was first identified by philosopher Bernard Williams in 1976. What is the Moral Luck Bias? The Moral Luck Bias occurs when we evaluate an individual’s […]
Cognitive Biases: Just World Hypothesis
The Just World Hypothesis (JWH) is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency for people to believe that the world is just and fair, and that individuals get what they deserve. This hypothesis was first proposed by psychologist Melvin Lerner in 1965. What is the Just World Hypothesis? The JWH suggests that people tend […]
Cognitive Biases: Intentionality Bias
The Intentionality Bias is a cognitive phenomenon where people tend to assume that events or actions are caused by intentional agents, rather than random chance or natural processes. This bias was first identified by psychologist Daniel Gilbert in 1993. What is the Intentionality Bias? The Intentionality Bias refers to the tendency for people to overattribute […]