The Ultimate Attribution Error (UAE) is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency for people to attribute others’ behavior to their character or personality, while ignoring situational factors that may have influenced their actions. This bias was first identified by psychologist Lee Ross in 1977. What is the Ultimate Attribution Error? The UAE occurs […]
Cognitive Biases: Self Serving Bias
The Self-Serving Bias is a cognitive phenomenon that refers to the tendency for people to attribute their successes tointernal, personal factors (e.g., ability, effort) while blaming external circumstances or chance events for their failures.This bias was first identified by psychologists as a form of motivated reasoning. What is the Self-Serving Bias? The Self-Serving Bias occurs […]
Cognitive Biases: Puritanical Bias
The Puritanical Bias is a cognitive phenomenon that refers to the tendency for people to judge others’ behavior based on moralistic or puritanical standards, rather than objective criteria. This bias was first identified by psychologists as a form of social desirability bias. What is the Puritanical Bias? The Puritanical Bias occurs when we evaluate an […]
Cognitive Biases: Moral Luck Bias
The Moral Luck Bias is a cognitive phenomenon that refers to the tendency for people to judge individuals’ character based on outcomes, rather than their intentions or actions. This bias was first identified by philosopher Bernard Williams in 1976. What is the Moral Luck Bias? The Moral Luck Bias occurs when we evaluate an individual’s […]
Cognitive Biases: Just World Hypothesis
The Just World Hypothesis (JWH) is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency for people to believe that the world is just and fair, and that individuals get what they deserve. This hypothesis was first proposed by psychologist Melvin Lerner in 1965. What is the Just World Hypothesis? The JWH suggests that people tend […]
Cognitive Biases: Intentionality Bias
The Intentionality Bias is a cognitive phenomenon where people tend to assume that events or actions are caused by intentional agents, rather than random chance or natural processes. This bias was first identified by psychologist Daniel Gilbert in 1993. What is the Intentionality Bias? The Intentionality Bias refers to the tendency for people to overattribute […]
Cognitive Biases: Hostile Attribution Bias
The Hostile Attribution Bias (HAB) is a cognitive bias that refers to the tendency for people to interpret others’ neutral or ambiguous behavior as hostile, aggressive, or negative. This phenomenon was first identified by psychologists Kenneth Dodge and Daniel Cohen in 1986. What is the Hostile Attribution Bias? The HAB occurs when individuals attribute malicious […]
Cognitive Biases: Group Attribution Error
The Group Attribution Error (GAE) is a psychological phenomenon where people tend to overestimate the similarity between individuals within a group and underestimate the diversity within that group. This cognitive bias was first identified by psychologist Henri Tajfel in 1970. What is the Group Attribution Error? The GAE refers to the tendency for individuals to […]
Cognitive Biases: Fundamental Attribution Error
The Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) is a psychological concept that explains how people tend to overestimate the role of personality and underestimate the impact of situational factors when judging others’ behavior. This cognitive bias was first identified by psychologist Lee Ross in 1977. What is the Fundamental Attribution Error? The FAE refers to the tendency […]
Cognitive Biases: Extrinsic Incentives Bias
The Extrinsic Incentives Bias is a psychological phenomenon where people tend to overestimate the impact of external rewards and punishments on their own behavior, while underestimating the importance of intrinsic motivation. This bias was first identified by psychologists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan in 1975. What is the Extrinsic Incentives Bias? The Extrinsic Incentives Bias […]