Memory Bias: The Distortion of Our Recollections Memory is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, allowing us to learn, grow, and navigate the world around us. However, our memories are not always reliable or accurate. Memory biases refer to the systematic distortions or errors that can occur in the way we perceive, process, and recall […]

The Vacuous Truth Fallacy The Vacuous Truth Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone presents an argument or statement that appears to be true but lacks actual substance or meaning. This fallacy involves using language in a way that makes it difficult to discern what, if anything, is being claimed. Definition […]

The Two Wrongs Make a Right Fallacy The Two Wrongs Make a Right Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone attempts to justify or excuse their own wrongdoing by pointing out the perceived flaws or mistakes of others. This fallacy involves assuming that because someone else has done something wrong, it […]

The Tu Quoque Fallacy The Tu Quoque Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone defends their own behavior or argument by pointing out the perceived flaws or hypocrisies of others. This fallacy involves diverting attention away from one’s own shortcomings and onto the alleged weaknesses of an opponent, rather than addressing […]

The Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy The Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone mistakenly attributes significance to a random event or pattern, often by ignoring the larger context. This fallacy involves cherry-picking data, focusing on a specific outcome, and overlooking the underlying probability distribution. Definition and Explanation A Texas Sharpshooter […]

The Straw Man Fallacy The Straw Man Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone misrepresents or exaggerates an opposing argument, making it easier to attack and discredit. This fallacy involves creating a distorted version of an opponent’s position, which is then used as a target for criticism. Definition and Explanation A […]

The Naturalistic Fallacy Fallacy The Naturalistic Fallacy Fallacy is a type of meta-fallacy that occurs when someone accuses another person of committing the naturalistic fallacy, but in doing so, they themselves commit a different error. This fallacy involves mistakenly identifying or misapplying the concept of the naturalistic fallacy. Definition and Explanation The Naturalistic Fallacy Fallacy […]

The Is-Ought Fallacy The Is-Ought Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that because something is the case (is), it ought to be the case, or vice versa. This fallacy involves confusing descriptive statements (what is) with prescriptive statements (what ought to be), leading to flawed reasoning and decision-making. Definition […]

The Naturalistic Fallacy The Naturalistic Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that because something is natural, it must also be good, right, or desirable. This fallacy involves confusing descriptive statements (what is) with prescriptive statements (what ought to be), leading to flawed reasoning and decision-making. Definition and Explanation The […]

The Moralistic Fallacy The Moralistic Fallacy is a type of informal fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that because an action or behavior is morally right, it must also be practically effective or desirable in all circumstances. This fallacy involves confusing moral judgments with factual assessments, leading to unrealistic expectations and flawed decision-making. Definition and […]